~Grupa krwi 0 - Miejsce urodzenia podawane przez Janine Magnuska (6) to Dziunkow w powiecie Berdyczow, wojewodztwo kijowskie. Dokumenty wojskowe podaja miejsce urodzenia Zytomierz. - BIOGRAPHY: Family report: Bohdan Magnuski urodzil sie 29 Nov 1910 r. w Zytomierzu na Wolyniu (obecna Ukraina) z ojca Waleriana i Heleny z domu Boltzc. 26 Feb 1938 r. ukonczyl szkole srednia u Ojcow Pijarow w Krakowie gdzie zostal umieszczony przez ojczyma, Pana Maleckiego. Byla to pensja w tych czasach dla dobrze urodzonych i niemalo kosztowala. Gdyby Pan Malecki nie rozstal sie z Helena von Boltz, z pewnoscia zapewnilby Bohdanowi dobre wyksztalcenie. Ozenil sie z Lena Polawska h. Nalecz, pochodzaca z Warszawy. Przed wojna mieszkal w Warszawie na ul. Marszalkowskiej 77/71. Malzenstwo zakonczylo sie rozwodem w roku 1947. Od 1 Jan 1938 do 1 Sep 1939, Bohdan pracowal jako szef wywiadu w Korpusie Ochrony Pogranicza. Byl to tak zwana "dwojka" zajmujaca sie zwalczaniem komunistycznej penetracji polskich wschodnich rubiezy. Jak wiadomo Korpus Ochrony Pogranicza byl jednostka elitarna, do ktorej personel wybierano szczegolnie starannie zwracajac uwage na cechy osobowe i doswiadczenie bojowe. Dowodcze stanowiska byly z reguly obsadzane oficerami i podoficerami ktorzy walczyli na wojnie 1918-1920 r. Praca ta prawdopodobnie zostala uzyskana dzieki poparciu ojca Leny Polawskiej, pulkownikowi Wojska Polskiego. Dnia 17 Sep 1939 Bohdan zostal zmobilizowany z pozostawieniem na pelnionym stanowisku. Prawie caly sklad osobowy Korpusu Ochrony Pogranicza zginal podczas walk z sowietami. Bral udzial w kampanii wrzesniowej w 1939 r. Na rozkaz Szefa Wywiadu Korpusu Ochrony Pogranicza, poprzez Zaleszczyki dotarl do Rumunii gdzie byl internowany od 17 Sep 1939 do 8 Jan 1940. Przebywal w obozie dla internowanych zolnierzy. Uciekl do Constancy 8 Jan 1940 r. Droga morska dostal sie do Francji. Po upadku Francji, zostal ewakuowany do Anglii 25 Jun 1940. W Wielkiej Brytanii zglosil sie 25 Jul 1940 do Kanadyjskiej Brygady Strzelcow. 29 May 1942 na ochotnika wstapil I Polskiej Samodzielnej Brygady Spadochronowej. Bohdan ukonczyl kurs spadochronowy 2 Jun - 5 Dec 1942 z wynikiem "dobry". Awansowany do stopnia sierzanta podchorazego. Bral udzial w desancie pod Arnhem - Driel w Holandii jako dowodca plutonu w skladzie kompanii transportu i zaopatrzenia. Jego udzial w desancie jest potwierdzony w publikacji Jana Lorysa z 1987 r., podajacej liste nazwisk uczestnikow desantu. Podczas walk zostal ciezko ranny odlamkiem w glowe. Uznany za matwego byl bliski pochowania zywcem. Uratowalo go tylko to, ze uslyszano jego jeczenie. Przebywal na leczeniu w szpitalu wojskowym. Od 6 Aug 1945 byl dowodca poczty polowej. Rozkazem Naczelnego wodza polskich sil zbrojnych, T. Bora - Komorowskiego z dnia 1 jul 1945 r., awansowany do porucznika od 01 Jan 1946 r. Awans zostal podany do publicznej wiadomosci dopiero w 1951 r. W opinii na wniosek awansowy czytamy miedzy innymi: "Bardzo pracowity, summienny i staranny. Duze wiadomosci fachowe z zakresu administracji wojskowej szczegolnie z zakresu gospodarki rachunkowo - pieniezniej. W pracy systematyczny. Bardzo ambitny i kolezenski, towarzysko i zyciowo wyrobiony, z dobrym podejsciem do podwladnych. Dobrze wplywa na otoczenie. Umie utrzymac autorytet a zarazem wspolzyc z podwladnymi. Wysoki patryotyzm. Zdyscyplinowany i lojalny. Bardzo dobry na zajmowanym stanowisku d-cy Poczty Polowej. Prace zorganizowal racjonalnie, doprowadzil do sprawnego funkcjonowania Poczty Polowej. Podpisal: Kwatermistrz Brygady Morawicz kpt. dyplomowany" Oraz druga ocena "Pierwszorzedny pracownik. Sprawozdanie z inspekcji polowych sil Brytyjskich - wyroznil prace Poczty Polowej Brygady - prowadzona przez p.por. Magnuskiego. Na awans zasluguje z wyroznieniem. Podpis i data 26.6.46 Dowodca 1. Sam. brygady Spadochronowej Szczerbo-Rawicz Pplk. dypl." Wszystkie opinie sluzbowe sa z wynikiem bardzo dobrym. Podczas pobytu Brygady w Niemczech byl szefem poczty polowej Brygady. Akta personalno - wojskowe Bohdana sa przechowywane w Army Records Centre Polish Section Bourne Ave Hayes Middx UB3 1RF Po zdemobilizowania w 1948 r., wyemigrowal do Australii. Podobnie jak wszyscy powojenni imigranci do Australi, byl zmuszony do podpisnia dwuletniego kontraktu o prace. Australia wykorzystywala w ten sposob darmowa sile robocza naplywajaca ze zniszczonej Europy. Bohdan zostal zatrudniony przy scinaniu trzciny cukrowej w polnocnej czesci Queensland. Pozniej przeniosl sie do Perth gdzie poznal swoja przyszla zone, pania Felikse Krajowska-Kukiel, po pierwszym mezu Blonska. Pobrali sie 25 May 1955. Po slubie przeniesli sie do Melbourne. Bohdan pracowal w fabryce plastyku, Feliksa jako kucharka. Nastepnie za oszczednosci kupili maly sklep w Toowoomba, Queensland. Rana Bohdana otworzyla sie, przeszedl trzy trepanacje czaszki, byl nieprzytomny przez wiele tygodni, zgruchotany kawalek czaszki zostal zastapiony plytka platynowa. W wieku 65 lat przeszli na emeryture i kupili dom przy # 3 Berghofer Street, sklep zostal sprzedany. Bohdan zmarl 8 Dec 1977 r. w Toowoomba. Cialo zostalo skremowane w Garden of Rememberance w Toowoomba 9 Dec 1977 r. Byl aktywnym dzialaczem polonijnym w Australii, w 1955 nadano mu godnosc Honorowego Czlonka Polonii Polskiej w Australii. Po smierci Bohdana, dom przy 3 Berghofer Street zostal sprzedany, czesc Bohdana rozdzielona zgodnie z jego wola pomiedzy Polska Biblioteke w Brisbane, Stowarzyszenie Polskich Spadochroniarzy oraz rodzine w Polsce. Prochy zostaly pochowane zgodnie z jego wola w grobie matki w Kwidzyniu w Polsce. Felicja po smierci Bohdana przeniosla sie do syna na # 1 Westbank Street. Okolo 1988 przezyla wylew i przeniosla sie do domu opieki. Stan zdrowia systematycznie sie pogarszal. Odeszla 17 Jul 1994 r. Udalo sie czesciowe tez odtworzyc niektore adresy Bohdana. Podczas pracy na plantacji trzciny cukrowej Gordon's Club Hotel Ravenshoe Queensland W Perth mieszkal pod adresem 74 Loftus Street Leederville Ostatni znany adres Bohdana to 3 Berghofer Street Toowoomba Quensland 4350 Australia Zona Bohdana, pani Feliksa Krajowska-Kukiel, mieszkala po jego smierci u syna John and Dorothy Blonski w Toowoomba pod adresem # 1 Westland Street Toowoomba Quensland 4350 Australia tel (07) 4634 2421 Jest w Toowoomba jeszcze jeden Blonski, prawdopodobnie rowniez wnuk Felicji z pierwszego malzenstwa AJ & KL Blonski Belclair Dry Westbank Queensland 4350 tel (07) 4637 2185 BIOGRAPHY: ==== BURIAL: Urna z prochami Bohdana zostala pochowana w grobowcu matki, Heleny (Magnuskiej) von Boltzc, w Kwidzyniu ==== Daty zebrane z posiadanych dokumentow w porzadku chronologicznym 11 Nov 1910 urodzony 04 Mar 1932 wstapienie do wojska jako szeregowiec 04 Mar 1932 - 17 Aug 1933 czynna sluzba wojskowa 12 Aug 1936 awansowany do stopnia kaprala 17 Aug 1939 awansowany do stopnia plutonowego 26 Feb 1938 slub z Lena Polawska h. Nalecz 01 Sep 1939 udzial w Kampanii Wrzesniowej 17 Sep 1939 przekroczyl granice polsko-rumunska w Zaleszczykach, internowany i zatrzymany w obozie dla internowanych zolnierzy polskich 1940 - 1944 sluzba w Wielkiej Brytanii 01 Jul 1940 poczatek sluzby w Wojsku Polskim pod dowodztwem brytyjskim 21 Jan 1940 zglosil sie do punktu rekrutujacego Wojska Polskiego w Carpiagne we Francji 25 Jan 1940 zakonczyl sluzbe we Francji 25 Jun 1940 przybyl do Wielkiej Brytanii 01 Jul 1940 zglosil sie ochotniczo do Kanadyjskiej Brygady Strzelcow 17 Aug 1940 przeniesiony do Biura Poczty Polowej Pierwszego Polskiego Korpusu jako cenzor 29 May 1942 przeniesiony do Kompanii Sztabowej Pierwszej polskiej Brygady Spadochronowej 20 Aug 1942 przeniesiony do 1 Batalianu Pierwszej Polskiej Samodzielnej Brygady Spadochronowej 02 Nov-05 Dec 1042 kurs spadochronowy w Ringway ukonczony z wynikiem "dobry" 11 Jan-01 Jul 1943 kurs Szkoly Podchorazych przy 1 Samodzielnej Brygadzie Spadochronowej z wynikiem "bardzo dobry" 01 Jul 1943 awansowany do stopnia sierzanta podchorazego 08 Jul 1943 przeniesiony do 2 Batalionu Pierwszej Polskiej Samodzielnej Brygady Spadochronowej 02 Sep 1943 przeniesiony do Kompanii Zaopatrzenia Pierwszej Polskiej Samodzielnej Brygady Spadochronowej 1944 - 1947 sluzba na kontynencie 23 Sep 1944 desant nad Arnhem - Driel 23 Oct 1944 awansowany do stopnia podporucznika 01 Jul 1945 mianowany do stopnia porucznika od dnia 01 Jan 1946 01 Jan 1946 otrzymal stopien porucznika 19 May 1947 przeniesiony do Wielkiej Brytanii 06 Aug 1948 zwolniony do cywila 21 Apr 1950 otrzymal prawo pobytu w Australii 27 Apr 1950 otrzymal obywatelstwo australijskie 25 May 1955 slub z Feliksa Blonska (z domu Krajowska-Kukiel) w Perth, Australia 08 Dec 1977 zmarl 09 Dec 1977 zwloki zostaly skremowane w krematorium w Toowoomba ==== Odznaczenia polskie - Medal Wojska kl I i II Odznaczenia zagraniczne - France and Germany Star - The War Medal 1939-1945 - Defence Medal ==== E-mail received 19 Mar 2003 from Jacqui Campbell, Feliksa's grandchild "Marek, During the war Bohdan was stationed in England as a Paratrooper. He was sent behind enemy lines where he was injured by shrapnel, he was nearly buried alive but was heard to moan. He was in a Military Hospital for some time. He migrated to Australia and worked as a Sugar Cane Cutter in North Queensland. He eventually moved to Perth where he met Feliksa Blonski and married. They later moved to Melbourne and he worked in a Plastic Factory and Feliksa worked as a cook. They saved their money and moved to Toowoomba in Queensland where they bought a small corner store which they ran for 20 years, during that time the old war injury surfaced, he had three lots of brain surgery, and was unconscious for several weeks. It took a long time to recover. On reaching 65 they received a pension, sold the shop and bought a home in Berghoffer Street where he lived until his death December 77. On his wishes he was cremated and his ashes returned to Poland to be buried with his mother. The home in Berghoffer Street was sold, his share of this was sent to family in Poland. Feliksa moved to 1 Westland Street the home of John and Jean Blonski & Family (her son and daughter-in-law). You mention two sisters, John remembers a third (stepsister) a doctor. Bohdan never talked of his father only his mother. Feliksa about 15 years ago had a minor stroke at this time she moved into a nursing home, her health deteriorated slowly and Mum passed away on 17th July 1994. If you cannot open the zipped file attached, let me know and we can photocopy and post. This is all the information that Dad remembers. However if you have a specific question, if asked he may remember something else. Good Luck with your search. Regards, Jacqui Campbell. (John & Jeans Daughter)" ==== From Polish site in Queensland, Australia "The first Polish post-war migrants arrived in Brisbane in 1949. To their surprise, they found a small but well organised group of Poles headed by the Kowalczyk family. The post-war migrants had to sign a two year work contract, and irrespective of their qualifications, were employed as labourers, mainly in the forestry, sugar and transport industries, usually separated from their families. After two years they were allowed to further their education and choose a place to live. The war and post war time deprived many Poles of education. Therefore parents paid a great deal of attention to their children’s education. " ==== List od Cementary officer w Toowoomba otrzymany 12 Mar 2003. Marek Bohdan died on the 8/12/1977 and was cremated at the Garden of Rememberance. His age was 67 years and he live in Berghofer street Toowoomba. A person by the name of D.J. Blonski collected the ashes. The Garden of Rememberance is a private cemetery and the Drayton & Toowoomba Cemetery is run by the council. Hope this helps. Garry ==== On 17 September 1939, two weeks after the German invasion of Poland, Soviet troops swiftly occupied the eastern half of Poland and, after a plebiscite, annexed the area to the Ukraine and Belorussia. Beginning in the winter of 1939-40 Soviet authorities deported over a million Poles (some sources says two millions), many of them children, to the various provinces in the Soviet Union. In the summer of 1941 the Polish government in exile in London received permission from the Soviet Union to release several hundred thousand former Polish citizens from labor camps, prisons and forcible resettlement in the Soviet Union, to organize military units among the Polish deportees, and later to transfer Polish civilians to camps in the British-controlled Middle East and Africa. The First Polish Parchute Brigade was formed in Scotland on the 23rd Sept 1941. It was composed of Polish soldiers who, after the fall of France in 1940, arrived to Great Britain. The Brigade was reinforced by volunteers from Polish Army units formed in the U.S.S.R. and evacuated from there via the Middle East. Further volunteers came from other countries all over the world. The troops receivved parachute and other training in the Brigade and British Training Centers. In June 1944 the Brigade received its Regimental Colours a gift from the Polish Women of Warsaw, secretly made and consecrated in November 1942 in a Warsaw church. In July 1944 the Brigade was transferred from Scotland to England where it became part of the First Allied Airborne Army and made operational. As the liberation of Europe progressed, the Brigade was briefed for several actions. The first drop was to be near the Paris, another in the North of France, followed by Belgium. Each of these were cancelled at the last moment. Finally in September, the Brigade together with the First British Airborne Division took part in the largest airborne operation of the war at Arnhem and Driel in Holland. After the battle the Brigade returned to England for re-equipment and re-organisation. In May 1945, it left for Continent and joined the British Ocupation Army of the Rhine. In May 1947 its duties in Germany ended. On return to Britain the Brigade was disbanded, but it will remain in the history of Polish Armed Forces as the first Polish Tactical Airborne Unit of the Second World War. Later on, Soldiers of the Brigade, organised themselves into the World Wide Polish Airborne Forces Association. Within this organisation they maintain bonds of friendship, and also with their British comrades in arms, cultivate the Brigade's tradition. ==== E-mail otrzymany od Pana Roberta Salaty, czlonka Grupy Rekonstrukcyjnej Pierwszej Polskiej Samodzielnej Brygady Spadochronowej. "Witam Marku ! Prosze Cie o podanie dokladnej daty smierci, gdyz byly prezes Zwiazku Polskich Spadochroniarzy /Oddzial Polska zapisal obok nazwiska Twojego krewnego - Australia zmarl 1973 r. Pozatym znalazlem jeszcze w "Spadochronie" Pismie Zwiazku Polskich Spadochroniarzy wydawanym w Londynie nastepujaca notatke: "S.P. Bohdan Magnuski Juz nie tylko rok, ale i pare miesiecy minelo od dnia, gdy odszedl od nas s.p. Bohdan, i tyle, tyle lat uplynelo od czasu ostatniego widzenia sie z Nim w Bresnabrucku - juz po odejsciu z Niemiec Brygady - a jednak wspomnienie o Nim trwa, a pamiec przywodzi postac nie tylko swietnego organizatora brygadowej Poczty polowej /P/76/ z okresu okupacji Niemiec, lecz i szlachetnego, prawego i oddanego sluzbie i Polsce zolnierza-obywatela. A wspomnienia tym bardziej wracaja, gdy poszukujac niekiedy adresu w zwiazkowej ksiazce adresowej natrafiam na adresy Bohdana w Australii, gdzie przez tyle lat byl na tym odleglym kontynencie naszym - omal ze nie jedynym - lacznikiem, choc ciezka praca - nawet w australijskim "bushu" - i zwiazane z praca czeste zmiany adresu - rzucaja mi sie w oczy adresy Bohdana w Perth, Melbourne a w koncu - w Queensland. Zmienial je Bohdan czesto, a jednak zawsze znalazl czas, by dac nam znac o zmianie, jak zyje, co robia inni, jak w ogole urzadzaja sie polacy w Australii, jak teskni za swoja matka, za Polska, za nami wreszcie. I do konca swego pracowitego zycia pozostal Porucznik Bohdan Magnuski w sluzbie swojej spadochronowej rodziny, nie zaniedbujac nigdy pracy na naszej plaszczyznie dla spolecznosci polskiej w miejscach zamieszkania, co znalazlo swoj wyraz w ufundowaniu Mu przez spolecznosc polska w Brisbane po jego smierci - tablicy pamiatkowej w sali miejscowej biblioteki polskiej. Dla tej biblioteki Bohdan pozostawil swoj ksiegozbior i 1000 dolarow australijskich. Jak wiemy juz z naszego sierpniowego komunikatu podobna sume 1000 dolarow przeznaczyl tez Bohdan na nasz Zwiazek. Byl czlowiekiem wielkiego serca i charakteru, dlatego zaskarbil sobie dozgonna pamiec wsrod nas, zyjacych zolnierzy polskiej Podniebnej Brygady. Podpisal: Wiktor P. Jakubowicz. " To tyle co udalo mi sie znalezc. Czy masz jakies pamiatki, zdjecia po panu Bohdanie? Pozdrowienia - Robert ==== E-mail from Glen Bartkowiak 20 Mar 2003 "Hi Marek, back again, just a few questions, what are you trying to find out. If you are in luck and have a little patience I might be able to take some digital photos of the shop and if I can find the house, will take some also, if that is what you would like. I don't think that there is such thing as a Polish library, that is why I was asking what sort of information you were after. If you require this sort of inf, you will have to come up with some dates. The old shop was a corner store that sold papers/magazines, milk, bread, fruit, vegetables, groceries,deli lines, cigatetes, lollies etc, I think in those days there was a good income in such a business, but now days, supermarkets taking over. Over the last 20 years or so the shop has been closed and reopened several times. Best go, hear from you later, Regards Glen." ==== Polish Parachute Brigade The Polish Brigade was formed in Scotland in September 1941, at the request of its highly experienced commander, Stanislaw Sosabowski <stanislaw_sosabowski.htm>; a man who was regarded as a hero by those who served under him, and he enjoyed their total loyalty. During the early stages of the war, the Brigade was only responsible to Polish command and the London-based government-in-exile. It had its own training programme, and it was a unique formation in the sense that it was the only Allied parachute unit to comprise entirely of men from an occupied country. However they were consequently seriously restricted in terms of potential reinforcements, more so experienced officers, and due to the high casualty risk involved with airborne operations, the Brigade was not able to readily commit itself to battle. This was not initially a problem as its only planned purpose was to fly to Poland and assist with the liberation of their country whenever an uprising of the Polish Home Army began. As time wore on, the practicalities of this ever happening rendered the operation quite unlikely, and as such there was a great deal of pressure applied on the Poles to come under British command. It was perhaps because of this distant and implausible objective that the Brigade was not given the resources that were made available to British airborne units. The then Major John Frost <john_frost.htm>, freshly returned from the Bruneval Raid, spent what he described as "a splendid evening" with the Polish Brigade, and observed that they "made up with enthusiasm all that they lacked in material backing. Their nation's tragedy made them all the keener to set an example in ingenuity and for them difficulties existed as challenges to be overcome". The Brigade had been raised knowing that they were to be dropped around Warsaw and would help with its liberation; their motto was "By the Shortest Way", but the gradual realisation of the unlikelihood of this operation struck a bitter blow to the morale of the men. In 1942, Major-General Browning <frederick_browning.htm>, then commander of the 1st Airborne Division, offered to promote Sosabowski to a rank equal to his own, if he would consent to put the Brigade in British hands. Sosabowski declined as he and his men wished to stay true to the original objective. As the Allied invasion of Europe drew near, the Poles were again subjected to a lot of pressure from the British. A compromise was suggested whereby the Brigade would take part in a single Allied operation in Western Europe, but on condition that they were withdrawn if their losses exceeded 25%. This figure was decided upon because of the Brigade's slim hope for suitable Polish reinforcements, however no commander would ever accept such restrictions and Field Marshal Montgomery flatly refused to agree. The situation was at last resolved in June 1944, where it was agreed that the Brigade would take part in an Allied operation after the Normandy landings, without restrictions, after which they would be free to return to Poland whenever an appropriate moment arrived. The Brigade was incorporated into the 1st Allied Airborne Army, and placed under the command of Major-General Urquhart <roy_urquhart.htm>. After their dogged resistance to becoming part of the British airborne fraternity, the Poles now had few friends in positions of authority and its men were quite unhappy. Sosabowski <stanislaw_sosabowski.htm> had insisted to Lt-General Browning that their training was not yet complete, but Browning took the opposite view and so the Poles intensified their exercise programme. A disaster followed on the 8th July when two of their Dakota's collided in mid-air, killing 26 Poles of the 3rd Battalion and Supply Company, together with 8 American aircrew. The Polish uprising occurred on the 1st August 1944, and a message was sent to Polish Army HQ in London, stating "We are ready at any time to fight for Warsaw. When the Parachute Brigade joins us, it will have an enormous political and tactical impact". The Brigade was tragically tied to the 1st Allied Airborne Army and could not oblige. This was probably fortunate because the uprising was a complete disaster. 50,000 Poles managed to take Warsaw without too much difficulty, after being urged to do so by the Russians who promised them supplies, but German reinforcements forced the Poles into defensive positions where they were constantly bombarded for the next 63 days. The Russians meanwhile did absolutely nothing to help. Having drawn the supporters of the Polish government-in-exile into the open, they were content to halt their advance and allow the Germans to annihilate them, thereby allowing the Russians to completely seize control of Poland when they resumed their advance. Split into small groups, the Poles were eventually forced to surrender due to lack of supplies. Warsaw was evacuated of civilians and lay in complete devastation. After returning from Arnhem the Polish Brigade, through no fault of their own, suffered the humiliation of being made a scapegoat for the defeat by several high ranking Allied commanders, who in turn were the ones who should have been held to account. Montgomery wrote to CIGS and said that the "Polish Para Brigade fought very badly and the men showed no keenness to fight if it meant risking their own lives. I do not want this brigade here and possibly you may like to send them to join other Poles in Italy". Browning <frederick_browning.htm> also wrote a letter to Deputy CIGS, recommending that Major-General Sosabowski <stanislaw_sosabowski.htm> be relieved of his command "and that a younger, more flexibly minded and co-operative officer be made available to succeed him." Sosabowski was dismissed on the 9th December 1944, and handed over command to his deputy, Lt-Colonel Stanislaw Jachnik. In protest, two of the Brigade's units went on hunger strike over Christmas. Breaking the promise that was made to them, the Brigade was never relinquished from British control, and it did not go back to Poland. In 1945, it went to Germany to form a part of the Allied occupation force, where it remained until 1947, when it was returned to England and disbanded. Most of the men did not go home to Poland, but instead settled down in Britain. The majority married Scottish or English girls, and usually took the jobs with the least glamour attached; many worked in the brickfields around Peterborough where the Brigade had been stationed during the war.
Birth14 July 19093615 Nowofastow, , , , Ukraina Death22 July 2002 (Age 93) Sępólno Krajeńskie, Sepólno-Krajeńskie, sępoleński, kujawsko-pomorskie, Polska